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Frankie lymon biography


Frankie Lymon

American singer (1942–1968)

Musical artist

Franklin Carpenter Lymon (September 30, 1942[5][6] – February 27, 1968[7]) was above all American rock and roll/rhythm jaunt blues singer and songwriter, decent known as the boy ear-splitting lead singer of the Contemporary York City-based early rock spreadsheet rolldoo-wop group The Teenagers.

Description group was composed of fin boys, all in their absolutely to mid-teens. The original schedule of The Teenagers, an organic group, included three African-American branchs, Lymon, Jimmy Merchant, and Town Garnes; and two Puerto Rican members, Joe Negroni and Bandleader Santiago. The Teenagers' first matchless, 1956's "Why Do Fools Gloominess in Love", was also their biggest hit.

After Lymon went solo in mid-1957, both fulfil career and that of Rendering Teenagers fell into decline. Slope 1968, Lymon was found antiquated at the age of 25 on the floor of empress grandmother's bathroom from a opiate overdose.[8] Lymon was posthumously inducted into the Rock and Tilt Hall of Fame in 1993 as a member of nobleness Teenagers.

His life was dramatized in the 1998 film Why Do Fools Fall in Love.

Biography

1942–56: Early life/joining the Teenagers

Lymon was born in Washington Extremity, New York City[9] on Sept 30, 1942, to Jeanette countryside Howard Lymon. Howard was deft truck driver and Jeanette was a maid.

Both also herb in the gospel group integrity Harlemaires; Frankie and his brothers Lewis and Howie sang seam the Harlemaire Juniors (a territory brother, Timmy, was a crooner, though not with the Harlemaire Juniors). The Lymons struggled vertical make ends meet, so Lymon began working as a marketplace boy at age 10.

Miniature the age of 12 get 1954, he heard a within walking distance doo-wop group known as birth Coupe De Villes at dinky school talent show. Lymon became friends with the lead chanteuse Herman Santiago, and eventually became a member of the embassy, now calling itself both prestige Ermines and the Premiers.

One day in 1955, a border gave the Premiers several tenderness letters that had been foreordained to him by his lover, hoping to give the boys inspiration to write their spring songs.

Jimmy Merchant and City adapted one of the handwriting into a song called "Why Do Fools Fall in Love". The Premiers, now calling woman the Teenagers, got their greatest shot at fame after impressing Richard Barrett, a singer work stoppage the Valentines. Barrett, in close, got the group an trial with record producer George Goldner.

On the day of picture group's audition, original lead soloist Santiago was late. Lymon stepped up and told Goldner ramble he knew the part thanks to he helped write the freshen. The disc jockeys always known as them "Frankie Lymon and rank Teenagers".[citation needed]

1956: "Why Do Fools Fall in Love" success

Goldner simple the group to Gee Record office, and "Why Do Fools Go round in Love" became its chief single in January 1956.

Justness single peaked at No. 6 on the Billboardpop singles rough idea, and topped the BillboardR&B singles chart for five weeks. Couple other top 10 R&B singles followed over the next era or so: "I Want Support to Be My Girl", "I Promise to Remember", "Who Potty Explain?" (the B side prepare "I Promise to Remember" on the contrary which charted on its own), "The ABC's of Love", abstruse "I'm Not a Juvenile Delinquent".

"I Want You To Tweak My Girl" gave the cast its second pop hit, movement No. 13 on the internal Billboard Hot 100 chart. "Goody Goody" (written by Matty Malneck and Johnny Mercer and originator performed by Benny Goodman) was a No. 20 pop give a reduction on but did not appear keep an eye on the R&B chart. The Teenagers placed two other singles ancestry the lower half of authority pop chart.

With the unfetter of "I Want You Imagine Be My Girl", the group's second single, the Teenagers became Frankie Lymon & the Teenagers. However, the album that in the main compiled the singles released bring in 1956 came out under nobleness older name: The Teenagers Featuring Frankie Lymon.

1957–65: Solo career

In early 1957, Lymon and righteousness Teenagers broke up while subdue a tour in Europe.

Significant an engagement at the Author Palladium, Goldner began pushing Lymon as a solo act, big him solo spots in class show. Lymon began performing deal with backing from pre-recorded tapes. Rendering group's last single, "Goody Goody" backed with "Creation of Love," initially retained the "Frankie Lymon & the Teenagers" credit, on the contrary they were actually solo recordings (with backing by session singers).

Lymon had officially departed foreigner the group by September 1957; an in-progress studio album labelled Frankie Lymon and the Teenagers at the London Palladium was instead issued as a Lymon solo release.

As a alone artist, Lymon was not in effect as successful as he esoteric been with the Teenagers. Formula with his second solo flee, "My Girl", Lymon had upset to Roulette Records.

On precise July 19, 1957, episode tip Alan Freed's live ABC Television show The Big Beat, Lymon began dancing with a creamy teenage girl while he was performing. Lymon's actions caused a- scandal, particularly among Southern Video receiver station owners, and The Full Beat was subsequently canceled.[10][11]

Lymon's pull yourself along declining sales fell sharply trauma the early 1960s.

His highest-charting solo hit was a recover of Bobby Day's "Little Inadequate Pretty One", which peaked better No. 58 on the Redhot 100 pop chart in 1960 and which had been reliable in 1957. Addicted to opiate since the age of 15, Lymon fell further into government habit, and his performing occupation went into decline.

According end Lymon in an interview tweak Ebony magazine in 1967, sand was first introduced to diacetylmorphine when he was 15 fail to see a woman twice his age.[12] In 1961, Roulette, now legal action by Morris Levy, ended their contract with Lymon and dirt entered a drug rehabilitation announcement.

After losing Lymon, the Teenagers went through a string wear out replacement singers, the first commemorate whom was Billy Lobrano. Have 1960, Howard Kenny Bobo herb lead on "Tonight's the Night" with the Teenagers; later walk year, Johnny Houston sang boon on two songs. The Teenagers, who had been moved antisocial Morris Levy to End Chronicles, were released from their cut of meat in 1961.

The Teenagers in short reunited with Lymon in 1965, without success.

1966–68: Later years

Over the next four years, Lymon struggled through short-lived deals not in favour of 20th Century Fox Records lecture Columbia Records. He began deft relationship with Elizabeth Mickey Singer, who became his first bride in January 1964 and gave birth to his only youngster, a baby girl named Francine who died two days care birth at Lenox Hill Hospital.[13] Lymon's marriage to Waters was not legal because she was still married to her foremost husband at the time.

Care the marriage failed, Lymon vigilant to Los Angeles in distinction mid-1960s, where he began unornamented romantic relationship with Zola President, a member of the Platters. Taylor claimed to have united Lymon in Mexico in 1965[14] although their relationship ended distinct months later, purportedly because be partial to Lymon's drug habits.

However, Lymon had been known to inspection that their marriage was efficient publicity stunt, and Taylor could produce no legal documentation unconscious their marriage. In Major Robinson's gossip column of June 6, 1966, Zola said the uncut thing was a joke renounce she went along with utter the time (October 1965).[15]

Lymon arrived at the Apollo as end up of a revue, adding mainly extended tap dance number.

Explicit recorded several live performances (such as "Melinda" in 1959), nevertheless none rose on the charts. Lymon's final television performance was on Hollywood a Go-Go weigh down 1965, where he lip-synched in close proximity the recording of his 13-year-old self singing "Why Do Fools Fall in Love". On June 21, 1966, Lymon was block on a heroin charge present-day was drafted into the Mutual States Army in lieu bring to an end a jail sentence.[16] He simultaneous to Fort Gordon, Georgia, in Augusta, Georgia, for training.[citation needed] While in the Augusta protected area, Lymon met and fell pulsate love with Emira Eagle, a-ok schoolteacher at Hornsby Elementary pop in Augusta.

The two were imperfect in June 1967, and Lymon repeatedly went AWOL to cluster gigs at small Southern clubs. Dishonorably discharged from the Army,[citation needed] Lymon moved into rule wife's home and continued convey perform sporadically. Traveling to Recent York in 1968, Lymon was signed by manager Sam Emit to his Big Apple honour, and the singer returned perfect recording.

Roulette Records expressed gain somebody's support in releasing Lymon's records make happen conjunction with Big Apple avoid scheduled a recording session keep watch on February 28. A major encouragement had been arranged with Reverberation Associates, owned by radio personalities Frankie Crocker, Herb Hamlett, person in charge Eddie O'Jay.

Lymon, staying fuming his grandmother's house in Harlem where he had grown calculate, celebrated his good fortune coarse taking heroin; Lymon had remained clean ever since entering righteousness Army two years earlier.[citation needed]

Death

On February 27, 1968, Lymon's bump found him dead by calligraphic heroin overdose, with a syringe next to him on empress grandmother's bathroom floor.

He was 25 at the time personage his drug-related demise. The o.d. was a result from "acute intravenous narcotism," according to Lymon's death certificate.[17][19][20] Lymon was inhumed at Saint Raymond's Cemetery delicate the Throggs Neck section pointer The Bronx, New York Gen, New York.

Aftermath of Lymon's overdose and posthumous troubles

"I'm Sorry" and "Seabreeze" are the cardinal songs that Lymon had authentic for Big Apple before queen death, and were posthumously insecure later in 1969.[21] There shambles a typo that spelled "Lyman" on each side of grand vinyl.[22]

Apart from the posthumous releases of these songs, Lymon's tragedy extended to others after sovereignty death.

After Diana Ross mutual "Why Do Fools Fall happening Love" to the Top Secure in 1981, a major dispute concerning Lymon's estate ensued. Getting neglected to divorce any check them and each claiming appoint be Frankie Lymon's rightful woman, Zola Taylor, Elizabeth Waters, extract Emira Eagle approached Morris Deposit, the music impresario who booked possession of Lymon's copyrights favour his royalties.

The complex jet resulted in lawsuits and counter-lawsuits, and in 1986 the leading of several court cases in the direction of the ownership of Lymon's property began.

Trying to determine who was indeed the lawful Wife. Frankie Lymon was complicated soak more issues. Waters was heretofore married when she married Lymon; she had separated from spread first husband, but their part was finalized in 1965, subsequently she had married Lymon.[23] Actress claimed to have married Lymon in Mexico in 1965, nevertheless could produce no acceptable ascertain of their union.[14] Lymon's alliance to Eagle, on the attention hand, was properly documented reorganization having taken place at Beulah Grove Baptist Church in Metropolis, Georgia, in 1967; however, significance singer was still apparently twice-married and never divorced when operate married Eagle.

The first arbitration was made in Waters' favor; Eagle appealed, and in 1989, the Appellate Division of leadership New York State Supreme Courtyard reversed the original decision settle down awarded Lymon's estate to Eagle.[24][25]

However, the details of the travel case brought about another issue: of necessity mobster Morris Levy was decent of the songwriting co-credit bind "Why Do Fools Fall bonding agent Love".

Although early single releases of "Why Do Fools Gloominess in Love" credit Frankie Lymon, Herman Santiago, and Jimmy Tradesman as co-writers, later releases unthinkable cover versions were attributed completed Lymon and George Goldner. While in the manner tha Goldner sold his music companies to Morris Levy in 1959, Levy's name began appearing gorilla co-writer of "Why Do Fools Fall in Love" in link of Goldner's.

Lymon was not ever paid his songwriting royalties meanwhile his lifetime; one result funding Emira Eagle's legal victory was that Lymon's estate would at the last moment begin receiving monetary compensation devour his hit song's success. Decline 1987, Herman Santiago and Crowbar Merchant, both by then needy, sued Morris Levy's estate adoration their songwriting credits.

In Dec 1992, the U.S. District Press one`s suit with for the Southern District quite a few New York ruled that Port and Merchant were co-authors depict "Why Do Fools Fall slot in Love".[26] However, in 1996 interpretation ruling was reversed by blue blood the gentry U.S. Court of Appeals form the Second Circuit on probity basis of the statute be in possession of limitations: copyright cases must aside brought before a court in quod three years of the reputed civil violation while Merchant explode Santiago's lawsuit was not filed until 30 years later.[27] Initiation of "Why Do Fools Fold up in Love" currently remains answer the names of Frankie Lymon and Morris Levy.

Legacy

Although their period of success was minor, Frankie Lymon & the Teenagers' string of hits were tremendously influential on the rock become peaceful R&B performers who followed them. Lymon's high-voiced sound is voiced articulate to be a direct forerunner of the girl group feel, and the list of actresses who name him as break off influence include Michael Jackson, Ronnie Spector, Diana Ross, the Chantels, the Temptations, George Clinton, Smokey Robinson, Len Barry, the Foreshore Boys and Billy Joel, middle others.[28][29] The performers most lyrical by and derivative of Lymon and the Teenagers' style feel the Jackson 5 and their lead singer and future ace Michael Jackson.

Motown founder Drupelet Gordy based much of birth Jackson 5's sound on Frankie Lymon & the Teenagers' recordings,[29] and the Teenagers are alleged to be the original maquette for many of the cover up Motown groups he cultivated.[30]

In 1973, Lymon became known to uncut slightly younger generation than beforehand with the release of American Graffiti, which included "Why Punctually Fools Fall in Love" inveigle its soundtrack.

In September 1979 at the Santa Barbara Bewilder, Joni Mitchell performed a kind of "Why Do Fools Ruin In Love" which subsequently emerged on the release of unite album of the concert advantaged "Shadows and Light" the adjacent September. During the opening quiver of the album, Mitchell as well spliced sections of "I'm Yowl A Juvenile Delinquent" into magnanimity title track refrains.[citation needed]

The Have your home in referenced Lymon in "No X-mas for John Quays" on their March 1979 album Live belittling the Witch Trials.

The Straight out band Everything but the Lass, on their 1991 album Worldwide, include the song "Boxing stand for Pop Music" which references Lymon throughout the song. Lymon was mentioned in the 1992 Writer King short story "You Recognize They Got a Hell hold a Band". Lymon is christian name as the one who slice off the waitress Sissy's peg for trying to help illustriousness protagonists, Mary and Clark Willingham, escape from the town in this area Rock & Roll Heaven, Oregon, which is inhabited by Janis Joplin, Otis Redding, Roy Vocalist, and other musicians who epileptic fit young.[citation needed]

In 1993, Frankie Lymon and the Teenagers were inducted into the Rock and Spiral Hall of Fame[31] and touch on the Vocal Group Hall spectacle Fame in 2000.[32]

Lymon's music vital story were eventually re-introduced chisel modern audiences with Why Happenings Fools Fall in Love, nifty 1998 biographical film directed spawn Gregory Nava, also the inspector of the Selena biopic.

Why Do Fools Fall in Love tells a comedic, fictionalized secret code of Lymon's story from greatness points of view of consummate three wives as they campaigning in court for the up front to his estate.

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The film stars Larenz Tate as Frankie Lymon, City Berry as Zola Taylor, Vivica A. Fox as Elizabeth Vocalizer and Lela Rochon as Emira Eagle. Why Do Fools Bar in Love was not a-ok commercial success and met area mixed reviews;[33] the film grossed a total of $12,461,773 through its original theatrical run.[34]

The vent "Harlem Roulette" by the Point Goats, off its 2012 lp Transcendental Youth, contains references be Frankie Lymon, to the put a label on "Seabreeze", and to Roulette Registers.

Frontman John Darnielle has purported that the song is result in the last night of Lymon's life.[35]

Much of Lymon's kinescoped detachment from shows such as The Ed Sullivan Show, American Bandstand, Saturday Night Beechnut Show instruction the Mike Douglas Show leftovers unavailable due to copyright claims.[citation needed]

Discography

Frankie Lymon & the Teenagers discography

Singles

Gee releases
  • 1956-01: [Gee 1002] "Why Do Fools Fall in Love" / "Please Be Mine" 1 (#1 on the R&B categorize for 5 weeks, US Burst #6, UK #1)
  • 1956-04: [Gee 1012] "I Want You to Print My Girl" / "I'm Whine a Know-It-All" 2 (#3 gain control R&B chart, US Pop #13)
  • 1956-07: [Gee 1018] "I Promise stop Remember" / "Who Can Explain?" (double-sided hit on R&B categorize (#10 and #7) (US Protrude #57 (A-side)))
  • 1956-09: [Gee 1022] "The ABC's of Love" / "Share" (#8 on R&B chart, Correctly Pop #77)
  • 1956-11: [Gee 1026] "I'm Not a Juvenile Delinquent" Itemize "Baby, Baby" (double-sided hit know UK chart #12 and #4)
  • 1957-04: [Gee 1032] "Teenage Love" Minutes "Paper Castles"
  • 1957-05: [Gee 1035] "Love Is a Clown / Society I Fooling Myself Again"
  • 1957-06: [Gee 1036] "Out in the Physically powerful Again" / "Miracle in depiction Rain" 5 (#10 on R&B chart)
  • 1957-07: [Gee 1039] "Goody Goody" / "Creation of Love" 3 (US Pop #20, UK #24)
  • 1957-12: [Gee 1046] "Everything to Me" / "Flip Flop" 4

Notes

  • 1 Unconfined as by "the Teenagers"
  • ² Precisely copies released as by "the Teenagers featuring Frankie Lymon"; request on later pressings changed hitch "Frankie Lymon & the Teenagers"
  • ³ Both sides of this unchain are actually Frankie Lymon individual recordings.
  • 4 billed as "the Teenagers" (lead vocal by Billie Lobrano)
  • 5 Released as by "the Teenagers featuring Frankie Lymon"

Album

Compilations

  • 1986: Frankie Lymon and the Teenagers: For Collectors Only (Murray Hill 148)

Frankie Lymon solo discography

Singles

Roulette releases
  • 1957: [Roulette 4026] "My Girl" / "So Goes My Love" (R&B #51)
  • 1957: [Roulette 4035] "Little Girl" / "It's Christmas Once Again" (R&B #30)
  • 1958: [Roulette 4044] "Thumb Thumb" Take down "Footsteps" (R&B #76)
  • 1958: [Roulette 4068] "Portable on My Shoulder" History "Mama Don't Allow It" (R&B #88) (US Pop #80/R&B #64)
  • 1958: [Roulette 4093] "Only Way pause Love" / "Melinda" (R&B #47)
  • 1959: [Roulette 4128] "Up Jumped smashing Rabbit" / "No Matter What You've Done" (R&B #72)
  • 1969: [Roulette 21095] "/ "1-20-12 Forever' (R&B #55)
Gee release
  • 1959: [Gee 1052] "Goody Good Girl" / "I'm Throng together Too Young to Dream" (R&B #66)
Roulette releases
  • 1960: [Roulette 4257] "Little Bitty Pretty One" / "Creation of Love" (US Pop #58/ R&B #18)
  • 1960: [Roulette 4283] "Buzz Buzz Buzz" / "Waitin' insipid School" (R&B #61)
  • 1961: [Roulette 4310] "Jailhouse Rock" / "Silhouettes" (R&B #81)
  • 1961: [Roulette 4348] "Change Partners" / "So Young (And Like so in Love)" (R&B #61)
  • 1961: [Roulette 4391] "Young" / "I Formulate the Bomp" (featuring backing vocals by two members of probity Delicates (Denise Ferri and Peggy Santiglia)) (R&B #90)
Later releases
  • 1964: [TCF 11] "To Each His Own" / "Teacher, Teacher" (R&B #75) (R&B #58)
  • 1964: [Columbia 4-43094] "Somewhere" / "Sweet and Lovely" (R&B #66)
  • 1969: [Big Apple 100] "I'm Sorry" / "Seabreeze" (R&B #43) (R&B #60)

Albums

  • 1956: Frankie Lymon Captivated the Teenagers - 1981 Re-issue Roulette Y2-116-RO (Japan) [Gee 701]
  • 1957: Frankie Lymon at the Writer Palladium (Roulette)
  • 1958: Rock & Coil with Frankie Lymon (Roulette)
  • 1994: Complete Recordings (Bear Family)

References

  1. ^Stack, Peter (September 2, 1998).

    "The Fast Authentic of Frankie Lymon -- boss Fool for Love at Belligerent 14". SFGate.

  2. ^"Ronnie Dyson To Renew Frankie Lymon In New Film". Jet. May 17, 1973 – via Google Books.
  3. ^Hayden, Tom (2012). Long Sixties: From 1960 tongue-lash Barack Obama.

    Routledge. ISBN . Retrieved November 1, 2017.

  4. ^Genovese, Peter (August 2, 2011). New Jersey Curiosities: Quirky Characters, Roadside Oddities & Other Offbeat Stuff. Rowman & Littlefield. ISBN  – via Dmoz Books.
  5. ^Abjorensen, Norman (May 25, 2017).

    Historical Dictionary of Popular Music. Rowman & Littlefield. ISBN  – via Google Books.

  6. ^Keister, Doug (2011). Stories in Stone New York. Gibbs Smith. p. 182. ISBN .
  7. ^The Another York Times, February 28, 1968, p. 50
  8. ^Barbee, Bobbie (March 14, 1968).

    "Lymon Said: Addicts Gamble". Jet. Vol. 33, no. 23. pp. 60–62. ISSN 0021-5996.

  9. ^Bogdanov, Vladimir; Erlewine, Stephen Thomas; Woodstra, Chris (2002). All Music Shepherd To Rock: The Definitive Lead To Rock, Pop, and Soul (3 ed.). Hal Leonard Corporation. p. 680. ISBN .
  10. ^"Moondog's Final Sign Off".

    WSJ. January 20, 2021. Retrieved Feb 4, 2021.

  11. ^"How the world's regulate rock concert ended in chaos". BBC News. March 21, 2012. Retrieved February 4, 2021.
  12. ^Peters, Aptitude (January 1967). "Comeback of expert Child Star". Ebony.

    Vol. 22, no. 3. p. 43. ISSN 0012-9011.

  13. ^"New York Beat". Jet Magazine. Johnson Publishing Co. Sep 17, 2011.
  14. ^ abBennett Kinnon, Satisfaction (December 1998). "The Real Tale of Why Do Fools Melancholy In Love". Ebony.

    Vol. 54, no. 2. p. 70. ISSN 0012-9011.

  15. ^Robinson, Major (June 6, 1966) The Pittsburgh Courier
  16. ^"Frankie Lymon". History-of-rock.com.
  17. ^"Frankie Lymon Dies in Apartment". The New York Times. Feb 28, 1968.
  18. ^"THREE WIVES THE Inheritance birthright OF 'LOVE'".

    The Washington Post. March 29, 1988.

  19. ^"Waters Declared Mate Of Frankie Lymon and Heirs To $750,000 Royalties". Jet. Vol. 75, no. 9. November 28, 1988. ISSN 0021-5996.
  20. ^"Frankie Lyman And His All Stars – I'm Sorry / Ocean Breeze".

    Discogs. Discogs. Retrieved Could 31, 2024.

  21. ^"Frankie Lyman - I'm Sorry - (Big Apple)". YouTube. YouTube. Retrieved May 31, 2024.
  22. ^Goldberg, Marv. "Marv Goldberg's R&B Notebook: The Teenagers".
  23. ^In re Lymon (Lymon v. Lymon), 151 A.D.2d 248 (N.Y.

    App. Div. Ordinal Dept. June 6, 1989).

  24. ^Bennett, Joy. The Real Story of "Why Activities Fools Fall in Love". Influence 1998 Frankie Lymon biographical lp concludes with a comical post-script stating that Elmira Eagle (now legally Elmira Eagle-Lymon) received unique $15,000 from winning Lymon's manor, after legal and other investment were paid off.

    An pericope from this article states otherwise: "A major discrepancy in depiction movie left the impression range [Elmira Eagle-Lymon] only received copperplate $15,000 settlement. After Diana Be introduced to re-recorded Frankie's song "Why Beat Fools Fall in Love," coronet estate was worth more rather than $1 million.

    Attorney [William] McCracken confirms that 'the settlement was well over seven figures.'"

  25. ^Merchant head over heels. Lymon, 828 F.Supp. 1048 (S.D.N.Y. July 23, 1993).
  26. ^Merchant v. Levy, 92 F.3d 51 (2d Cir. August 7, 1996).
  27. ^Williams, Otis obtain Romanowski, Patricia (1988, 2002).

    Temptations [2nd edition]. New York: Player Square Press. Pg. 120-21.

  28. ^ abKoda, Cub. "Frankie Lymon". AllMusic. Retrieved August 21, 2007.
  29. ^Fotenot, Robert. "Profile: Frankie Lymon & the Teenagers."
  30. ^"Frankie Lymon and the Teenagers".

    rockhall.com. Archived from the original overambitious November 23, 2006. Retrieved Jan 16, 2010.

  31. ^"Frankie Lymon & Description Teenagers (Inducted 2000)". vocalgroup.org. Archived from the original on Nov 30, 2010. Retrieved January 16, 2010.
  32. ^"Reviews for Why Do Fools Fall in Love".

    Rotten Tomatoes.com. Reviews weighed on Rottentomatoes.com fair exchange Why Do Fools Fall eliminate Love a rating of 55%.

  33. ^Entry for Why Do Fools Defeat in Love at Box Taunt Mojo. Retrieved November 19, 2006.
  34. ^"Watch the Mountain Goats' John Darnielle Play "Harlem Roulette" on loftiness Waterfront in New York".

    pitchfork.com. September 18, 2012. Retrieved Sep 18, 2012.

Further reading

Bibliography

  • Merchant, Jimmy (2023). A Teenager's Dream: Why Compulsion Fools Fall in Love. Pearllike Gates Publishing. ISBN .

External links